Understanding Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a complex, chronic mental health disorder characterized by an array of symptoms, which can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking (speech), abnormal motor behavior (including catatonia), and negative symptoms (such as diminished emotional expression or avolition). It is one of the major forms of psychosis.
Meaning of Schizophrenia
The term “schizophrenia” comes from the Greek words “schizo” (split) and “phrene” (mind), which together imply a “splitting of the mind.” This name, however, can be misleading as it does not refer to a split personality, a common misconception. Instead, it describes a scattered or fragmented pattern of thinking.
Schizophrenia significantly affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with this disorder may seem like they have lost touch with reality, which can be distressing for them and for those around them.
Definition of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is defined as a psychiatric disorder that manifests in a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dysfunctions. Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), include at least two of the following symptoms, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less, if successfully treated):
False beliefs that are not based in reality and remain consistent even when contradictory evidence is presented.
Typically auditory, but can also be visual, olfactory, or somatic (involving perceptions of the body) that occur without an external stimulus.
Disorganized Thinking (Speech)
Derailment or incoherence in speech that is often manifested as tangential or loosely associated replies to questions or conversation.
Grossly Disorganized or Abnormal Motor Behavior
This may range from childlike silliness to unpredictable agitation. Motor behavior that is not focused on a goal, making it difficult to perform tasks.
Negative Symptoms
This includes diminished emotional expression, avolition (decrease in motivated self-initiated activities), alogia (reduced speech output), and anhedonia (decreased ability to experience pleasure).
For a diagnosis, these symptoms must cause significant impairment in personal, social, or occupational functioning. The disturbances must not be attributable to the effects of a substance or another medical condition. Moreover, the condition needs to persist for at least six months, with at least one month of active symptoms.
Schizophrenia is believed to be a syndrome, likely comprising multiple illnesses with variable outcomes and diverse symptoms. The exact causes are still not fully understood, but a combination of genetics, brain chemistry, environmental factors, and psychosocial factors are thought to contribute to its development.
Management typically involves a combination of antipsychotic medications and psychotherapy, with community support services providing further aid in managing the disorder. Addressing schizophrenia effectively requires a comprehensive approach tailored to the individual’s symptoms and needs.
At MANOURJA, we believe in the transformative power of counseling. Our experienced therapists offer a safe and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and challenges. Through personalized counselling sessions, we’ll work together to develop coping strategies, build resilience, and achieve lasting positive change. Discover the path to a healthier, happier you with MANOURJA counselling services.
MANOURJA Rehabilitation Services
At MANOURJA, we’re dedicated to helping you in rebuild your life, after difficult times. Our rehabilitation services focus on understanding what you need to move forward, whether you’re recovering from addiction, trauma, or any psychological – social challenges. We create personalized plans, that are all about helping you, regain your strength and find hope again. With a caring team by your side, you’ll have the support to make real progress and take steps toward a brighter, healthier future.