Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondriasis)
Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), formerly known as Hypochondriasis, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and preoccupation with the belief that one is suffering from a severe medical illness, despite little or no medical evidence to support the presence of such an illness. Individuals with Illness Anxiety Disorder often experience persistent anxiety about their health, engage in frequent medical visits or tests, and have difficulty reassessing their concerns even when reassured by medical professionals.
Key symptoms of Illness Anxiety Disorder include:
Excessive Health Anxiety
Individuals with IAD have intense and excessive anxiety about having a serious medical condition, constantly monitoring their bodies for potential symptoms or changes.
Minimal or No Medical Evidence
Despite the lack of significant medical evidence or only mild symptoms, those with Illness Anxiety Disorder persistently believe they have a severe illness. Medical reassurances may provide temporary relief, but the anxiety tends to return.
Frequent Doctor Visits
People with IAD often seek reassurance by frequently visiting healthcare professionals, undergoing numerous medical tests, or consulting multiple doctors in an attempt to confirm or rule out their perceived health concerns.
Duration
The preoccupation with illness must persist for at least six months to meet the diagnostic criteria for Illness Anxiety Disorder.
Impairment in Daily Functioning
The excessive health anxiety can significantly impact daily functioning, leading to difficulties in work, relationships, and overall quality of life.
It’s important to note that individuals with Illness Anxiety Disorder are not intentionally exaggerating or feigning symptoms for secondary gain; rather, their distress is genuine, and they genuinely believe in the severity of their health concerns. Treatment typically involves cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to address maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors, as well as psychoeducation to help individuals understand and manage their health-related anxieties. At times, healthcare professionals may recommend medication as part of the treatment plan to alleviate symptoms in certain cases.
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